Knee arthrosis is a complex disease with a degenerative-dystrophic nature that affects the bone cherry section of the knee.The disease most often affects the "lower limb knee" department.Pathological changes in the cartilage and peri-human areas, which in most cases develop against the background of injuries, organic aging of the body, disorders of the autoimmune nature, seriously inhibits the musculoskeletal potential of the legs.The joint becomes firm, loses stability, normal motor and depreciation.As a result, it gradually deforms and in the last stages it completely fails.
Degeneration in the joint tissues is manifested not only in the form of physical dysfunction of the lower limbs, but also with strong painful sensations in them.In a severe course, the pathology causes damage, in some cases - paralysis of the legs.In connection with such a disappointing forecast, it is important to identify as early as possible and to immediately start treating it.
Important to the disease
It is important for patients to get acquainted with the material in order to master the information in complete information on the mechanism of occurrence and clinical manifestations of the pathology.We immediately note that arthrosis and arthritis are closely related, since the disease in question is a consequence of arthritic disease.But where do the diseased diseases come from, from which they mercilessly destroy the most important bone relationship?What is the severity of gonarthrosis and what manifestations can be recognized?
The causes of arthrosis
The following degenerative dystrophic pathogenesis "Starting" The following provocateur factors:
- They once suffered injuries - fractures of the lower legs, knee dislodes, meniscus damage, tears and tears of ligaments, drops of knees, any bruises;
- Excessive physical activity;
- A sedentary lifestyle;
- high body weight index;
- systemic pathologies for rheumatoid, gout, psoriatic type, systemic lupus erythematosus;
- Genetically hereditary weakness of the ligamentary system or congenital underdevelopment of the structural elements of the joint;
- metabolic disorders and blood flow;
- hormonal insufficiency, diabetes and other endocrine pathologies;
- Transferred or chronic infectious and inflammatory disorders.
Quite often, people themselves become the culprits of the fact that the difficult development of a joint joint disease develops.Often, once they have been injured, they ignore the appeal to a specialist, prefer to make the first preparation of pain, home lotions and the like.And a few years later, due to the inadequate treatment spent in the past, they come to see a doctor with gonarthrosis, at the best case moderate.Here, too, a physical prevention and analgesic ointments, as in the very early course, cannot do, often you have to act radically using surgical tactics.
Stages of destruction
In the orthopedics, this disease is divided into a stage, from which the specialist is repelled in the future in compiling a treatment regimen.The degree, nature, location, the nature of the origin of the destruction of the bone compound in the knee is revealed through a number of diagnostic measures such as radiography, MRI, CT, ultrasound, various types of blood tests and urine.
There can be no question of quality treatment without detailed information, both about the condition of the knee joint and about the characteristics of the patient's body, as well as without a visit to the doctor and obtaining adequate therapeutic recommendations from him.Therefore, wanting to improve the quality of life, do not neglect a visit to an experienced specialist, only he is able to tell you whether this is possible with qualified conservative help or, although with your problem, only surgery will be effective.
The pathology has several stages of development, according to Kelgren's classification, there are only four of them.All of them characterize the severity of morphological changes (the presence of osteophytes, reduction of the volume of joint cartilage and its degree of thinning, narrowing of the joint gap, etc.) and clinical signs (limited bending/lengthening, disorder, nature and intensity of pain, etc.).
- The first stage arthrosis - This is a disease that is only born.External symptoms are mild or absent, congruence and joint shapes are satisfactory.In X -ray photos or MRI photos, small regional osteophytes are monitored at the edges of the joint surfaces, in the problem department, slow subchondral osteosclerosis and minor bone cysts.The joint gap is usually normal or changed, but not significant.
- In case of illness second degreeIn addition to the above indicators, The osteo -osteo -cosclerotic focus is more pronounced, narrowing the narrowing of the inter -survey gap is clearly visible.The patient begins to more and more often disrupts the pain at the time of walking, descending/climbing the stairs, long -standing, sometimes at night.Combustion develops, joint movements are acquired in inferiority, especially when bending.
- The third stage It is characterized by a sharp progression of irreversible degeneration and deformation.The joint configuration is noticeably distorted, the distance between the surfaces of the joints is significantly reduced, the growth of the bone in the form of spikes of increased size.The pain becomes prolonged and pronounced and worries a person even at rest, the lame worsens.Depending on supporting devices and external assistance occurs.
- The fourth stageDegenerative dystrophic pathogenesis, when there are volumetric osteophytic outgrowths, hyaline cartilage is completely destroyed, the joint disappears or barely follows the epiphyses of the joints that form articulations are deformed in the most powerful way.The knee joint is recognized as a completely unheard body of the musculoskeletal system, one becomes deactivated.
Symptoms and complaints
The severity of clinical manifestations depends not only on pathomorphological characteristics, but also on the factor of individuality.In any case, there is a little nice in gonarthrosis, it is very difficult to transfer to both the 2nd and 3-4 tbsp.The total list of symptoms includes:
- Pain syndrome, mainly mechanical type (stupid, sick, acute, sudden, periodic and constant);
- the appearance of crunching during movements;
- hardness of the joint;
- limiting the amplitude of movements;
- Muscle weakness of the limb;
- skin hyperthermia and swelling in the knee area;
- change in gait, manifested by limping and pumping the legs;
- Instruumability or Drawer Syndrome;
- The "sowing" of the knee, arising with a sudden obstruction of bone relationship movements.
Important! Conservative treatment of knee arthrosis will not help if the disease has a complex course that can already occur in the worst case in the second stage of bone degeneration.Unlike traditional conservative therapy and alternative techniques, all, without exception, surgery with serious gonarthrosis at 2-3-4 degrees-the only way in which for a long period of life helps to significantly improve the quality of life.
Conservative treatment
Non -surgical treatments are recommended in the initial phase of deformation of arthrosis.The principle of non -surgical treatment suggests:
- systematic performance of exercises developed by a professional on an individual basis;
- conducting physiotherapy procedures;
- the use of painkillers in the form of ointments, tablets, injections, etc.;
- Proper nutrition and after a special diet prescribed by a doctor;
- Compliance with a special regimen of daily physical activity;
- complete rejection of bad habits;
- Undoubtedly the passage of resproostic control;
- Annual visit to a specialized medical institution for the sanatorium-resour.
Surgery for knee arthrosis joint
We will now get acquainted with surgical methods in which the need for more often arises, since in the early stage pathology often goes unnoticed.In principle, it is already necessary to deal with arthrosis in the complete "prime", which largely covers the joint structures and influenced the periarticular matter.
- Endoprothetics - It helps in more than 95 % of cases to restore the completely lost locomotor and supporting the knee function of the lower limb.The surgery is not easy, as it follows complex rehabilitation, but the effect is worth it.About 3 months after the installation of an artificial analogue, instead of a local joint that has undergone irreversible pathological changes, a complete amplitude of leg movements and pain syndrome is completely eliminated.
- Arthrodesis - The unexplored procedure for "closing" the joints due to its aggressive effect on biological structures, but sometimes it has a place to be, for example, if one is not able to undergo implantation.Its essence is to remove the joint surfaces and the fixed connection of the joint bones with special fixing devices in a favorable position.Over time, a natural fusion of the listed elements occurs.Artificial ankylosis completely blocks the mobility of the joint, but allows you to achieve good limb disorder and reduce pain.
- Knee osteotomy - It is also used in extreme situations, for the same reason as arthrodesis, more special, when it is necessary to slow the endoprotetics for several years.During the operating session, the specialist performs an artificial fracture, firing bones and putting them at a proper angle to benefit the profitable load of cartilage elements.
Irreversible pathogenesis cannot be corrected through exercise, you need to understand this.Glutti and even medicines from a series of chondroprotectors, not to mention the grandmother's advice to be treated with gelatin, will also not play a special role.The maximum they can help in the neglected state of affairs is to prepare the musculoskeletal apparatus for the upcoming surgery.
Modern knee implants are able to withstand ordinary daily loads, while functioning perfectly for at least 15 years and often 20-25 years.One can even engage in some sports with a replacement.
Treatment at 3 degrees
Surgery is performed in 3 stages of arthrosis.Changes in the joint are strongly pronounced, in this phase the disease is extremely reduced by the patient's living standard and effectiveness.Bone damage has reached the critical point in which bone joint tissues are not functional significance.The hyaline lid is almost completely destroyed.
- Important cartilage does not recover on its own, including through non -surgical methods.
- The naked and flattened surfaces of the interacting bone ends exert unnatural pressure on top of each other, constantly rubbing each other, seriously injuring the soft tissues nearby and deforming even more every day.
- One experiences terrible pain, not to mention the lost abilities to walk normally.Patients experience daily flour when sleep is not joy and there is no rest from pain during the day.Only a unit of people notes a relatively tolerable state.
- Anti -inflammatory analgesic drugs, as a rule, have a slight effect but do not "work" more often.There is no point in chondroprotectors, as the strengthening and power of the scarce cartilage remains does not save the situation.
The effects of arthrosis of 2-3 degrees sometimes try to treat with minimally invasive surgery (arthroscopy), in which it is possible to remove marginal osteophytes, as well as to extract the torn fragments from the bones from the joint cavity.Such manipulations, as the examinations testify, slightly relieve the patient's condition, slightly improve motor function, but temporarily.Osteoarthrosis in the knee joint remains active, and in the near future it will again manifest.
The pathogenesis of 3-4 degrees is a very serious problem, which is really possible to solve only a much more complex reconstructive and plastic surgical tactic.To date, there is no such procedure that is compared to endoprotetics.The replacement of the knee joint with a prosthesis, the completely repeating the mechanical characteristics, the configuration of the forms and the dimensions of the natural organ will allow it to say goodbye to both the diseased pathology and the disability that it "sentences" you.
The disease is rapidly progressing and is able to reach a moderate middle phase to 4 degrees in several months.Surgery should be performed as soon as possible until the degenerative processes penetrate deep into the bone.Highly damaged bones can cause difficulties in the production of endoprosthesis.
Many who do not fully realize that the severity of degeneration that has occurred is not comparable to conservative and unconventional tactics try to circumvent surgery in all ways, to absorb tablets with handfuls, applying ointments to the inflamed area.Someone turns to osteopaths, private doctors practicing all alternative methods.Unfortunately, you will not oppose nature, healing will not come after them and this fact must be reconciled.Therefore, discard the meaningless endeavors, act prudently.
Your physical viability depends entirely on your decision!You can continue to suffer from stiffness and pain, in the vain testing of "empty" treatments: medicines and non -standard products that do not have the effectiveness based on evidence, in your gravity of the disease.And you can undergo surgical treatment and start living a full life, get rid of past suffering and support devices.
You do not need to worry about the operation, modern technologies have stepped far ahead and today abroad shiny the knee joints with permanent implants.Following such an implantation applied to a good clinic, the risk of complications is minimal (1-2 %), and the restoration of mobility functions occurs in more than 95 % of cases.After the joint replacement, the rehabilitation course will follow 3-4 months, which provides:
- Physical recovery through special therapeutic exercises;
- administration of medicines (antibiotics, antithrombotic drugs, etc.);
- Physiotherapy Program, including myostimulation, anti -inflammatory, painkillers and wound healing procedures;
- Massage sessions (in the short stages of rehabilitation).
It is useful to know! At 1 degree, the disease can be stopped and prevented conservatively.If you do nothing and start knee arthrosis, which allows it to go from 1 to 2 degrees, medication treatment will be much more professional, but the uninsured approach is still suitable for a particular category of patients.The last two stages are always surgery.
Treatment at 2 degrees
With an average gravitational gonarthrosis, the quality of life is already quite spoiled.The inflamed knee bothers more, the painful syndrome manifests itself more often and more intensive than at the onset of the disease.The pain is especially pronounced immediately after the morning waking up as it rises and goes down the stairs.There is often a feeling of unpleasant tingling that occurs after long walking and long standing in one position.Knee flexion is reduced, the patient is not able to bend his leg as required by physiology.One begins to spare his limb, trying almost not to step on it, which is why a gradual muscular atrophy arises.
We focus on this treatment without failure implies a qualified integrated approach.
- If the doctor does not see the urgent need for surgery, a reduction in the workload in the problem department is prescribed.In the presence of excess weight, in order to ensure good unloading of the affected by arthrosis, it is necessary to regulate body weight by adhering to the diet your doctor recommends.
- All patients are prescribed the use of special orthopedic devices during movement.This, depending on the existing problem, can be knee retainers, compression linen, elastic bandages, reeds, crutches, walkers.
- In addition, an orthopedic traumatologist will prescribe a kind of exercise that will help strengthen and increase the endurance of the muscles of the affected limb.
- Also, arthrosis in moderate average manifestation involves the use of medicines that include substances present in the cartilage tissues of the knee.These include compounds based on chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid injections, glucosamine drugs.They cannot restore cartilage, but they saturate it with nutritional components so that the disease is achieved.
- Physics procedures are also recommended, but they are only used after all signs of inflammation have disappeared.Physical sessions, for example, with laser, magnet or ultrasound, should be performed within the medical establishment.Thanks to physiotherapy, nutrition and metabolism in bones, muscles and cartilage tissues improve.If you have bought a vibration -acoustic device for home use, first find out from the specialist about the ability to use it in your diagnosis and the performance characteristics of the device.
We have considered the basic principles on which the official treatment of arthrosis is based on the standards of orthopedics.Because many people with osteoarthritis 2 Tbsp.They are very interested in alternative methods, looking for their salvation in them, we suggest that we get acquainted with the most popular ones.And we find out if they are as unique as they are presented on the Internet.
Stem cells to treat the knee
We will talk about autotransplantation of the stem cells of the mesinhamal of a patient with gonarthrosis of the knee taken from the crest of the pelvic or femur.Cell therapy, according to the sources concerned, will achieve almost self -renewing the whole joint by activating the regenerative processes of self -medication in the damaged segment.Thanks to this technology, it is theoretical to achieve improvement in the components of the units of the bone organ.However, in practice, there is no "living" radiographic evidence to confirm that after the introduction of stem cells at the affected site, the joint becomes healthy.
The positive effect of stem cells on the joints and bones is not proven in great doubt, as this technique is not yet recognized in the orthopedics.Scientists study and experiment.In addition, there is information about the dangerous effect of stem cells on the human body, which, according to extremely comprehensive experts, is able to provoke oncology.How about those people who paid for the procedure while they were satisfied with the result?We can only say one thing here: many patients will believe this kind of money in eternal life, but the placebo effect does not work long, do not forget about it.
Mud
Therapeutic sources of mud containing unique components (magnesium, chromium, iodine, bromine, calcium nitrate, etc.) contribute to reducing painful symptoms, increased blood flow to areas of inflamed areas, stimulation of metabolism.They are of the most beneficial for people with a mild disease or patients who have already undergone leg surgery.It is permissible to perform mud therapy up to 2 degrees if the doctor believes that the natural remedy in combination with the main treatment program will reduce the aggression of pathological phenomena (stopping progression) and improve the general clinical picture.Mudley is practiced in special medical institutions from the resort and the entertainment type.Natural healing mud based on the peloids is used in the form of applications and in combination with the galvanization method (electrophoresis).
Use of gelatin
Natural gelatin is a safe tool that allows maintenance of joint structures in good condition.It is recommended to consume a substrate similar to jelly diluted in water.According to the reviews of some doctors, gelatin is so faster and more productive that it affects the elements of bones, cartilage and muscles.Experts emphasize that this method has no healing properties, it only promotes the prevention of arthrosis.Therefore, with the already consistent pathogenesis, the gelatinochea, in the event of a lack of pathology or in the earliest stages, can be considered exclusively as a measure to prevent the onset or progression of degenerative-dystrophic changes.When the disease is medium and severe, this approach will not be made for preventative purposes.
Ayurveda for the joints
Modern unconventional medicine is known for many extraordinary trends, including the treatment of Ayurveda from different parts of the musculoskeletal system.According to this unofficial course, the damage to the joint is associated with the excess toxins accumulated in the body due to energy disharmony.The harmful mechanism of disturbed energy balance (cotton) is mainly a weakening of Agni or digestive fire, which has led to the accumulation of unhappy food residues (AMA) in the intestine.They release toxins that blood is transported to the joints, where harmful substances precipitate and inhibit the metabolism of metabolism.
According to Ayurveda, osteoarthritis is classified into several types and for each type its own treatment system has been invented, the basis of each of them is a diet, grass -on -on, with Ayurvedic tablets and powders, yoga and respiratory gymnastics, unconventional mass, auto -healing, etc.Even through scientific high technology, can you believe that herbal powders, thought treatment and other tactics that Ayurveda will cure irreversible deformities?!
Salt compression
Salt is used to prepare saturated salt solution used to impregnate compresses, which are applied to the inflamed area for several hours.Such therapy should not be considered an independent remedy and even more so as a panacea for gonarthrosis.Salt is able to calm temporarily pain, save the soft tissues from edema covering the bone structure without damaging the biological structures.But she will not cure the disease and will not put the patient on the patient's legs!Its action is purely symptomatic.The solution is prepared at a speed: 100 g of salt is taken per liter of water temperature.
It's worth meeting you! Sometimes the salt is used in a dry heated form, which is placed in a bag and the local heating of the knee is performed.Sometimes like wet but hot bandages.Hot treatments are dangerous with purulent lifting processes in the joint cavity, they will only exacerbate the clinical picture.Therefore, do not use such recipes without being sure that the defeat is not accompanied by such a process.